A cataract is a painless, cloudy area in the lens of the eye. The lens is enclosed in a lining called the lens capsule. Cataract surgery separates the cataract from the lens capsule. In most cases, the lens will be replaced with an intraocular lens implant (IOL). If an IOL cannot be used, contact lenses or eyeglasses must be worn to compensate for the lack of a natural lens. Phacoemulsification (small-incision surgery) is the most common type of cataract surgery. It is used more often than standard ECCE, even though they are similar procedures.
• Two small incisions are made in the eye where the clear front covering (cornea) meets the white of the eye (sclera). • A circular opening is created on the lens surface (capsule). • A small surgical instrument (phaco probe) is inserted into the eye. • Sound waves (ultrasound) are used to break the cataract into small pieces. Sometimes a laser is used too. The cataract and lens pieces are removed from the eye using suction. • An intraocular lens implant (IOL) may then be placed inside the lens capsule. • Usually, the incisions seal themselves without stitches.
• An 8 mm to 10 mm incision is made in the eye where the clear front covering of the eye (cornea) meets the white of the eye (sclera). • Another small incision is made into the front portion of the lens capsule. The lens is removed, along with any remaining lens material. • An IOL may then be placed inside the lens capsule. And the incision is closed.